Common Retinal Conditions

The retina is a complex part of the eye responsible for detecting light and sending signals to the brain. Various conditions can affect the retina, potentially impacting vision. We specialize in diagnosing and treating a wide range of retinal diseases.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

AMD is a common condition that affects the central part of the retina, called the macula, which is responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. It can make tasks like reading and recognizing faces difficult. There are two types: dry (more common and slower progressing) and wet (less common but more serious). Early detection and treatment can help slow vision loss.

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Diabetic Retinopathy

This condition occurs when high blood sugar from diabetes damages the blood vessels in the retina. It can cause blurred vision, floaters, and eventually vision loss if left untreated. Regular eye exams are essential for anyone with diabetes to catch and treat this condition early.

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Macular Edema

Macular edema is swelling in the macula, the part of the retina responsible for detailed vision. It often occurs as a result of diabetic retinopathy, vein occlusions, or inflammation. It can cause blurry or wavy central vision, but treatments such as eye injections or laser therapy can help reduce the swelling and improve vision.

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Flashes and Floaters

Flashes and floaters occur when tiny clumps or strands of collagen in the vitreous gel cast shadows on the retina or tug on its surface, producing the sensation of small spots, threads, or cobwebs drifting in your vision and brief bursts or streaks of light. While occasional floaters and mild flashes are common—especially as the vitreous naturally changes with age—a sudden increase or onset of these symptoms can signal a retinal tear or detachment. If you notice new, persistent, or worsening flashes and floaters, prompt eye evaluation is essential to rule out serious complications and protect your vision.

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Retinal Tears and Detachments

A retinal tear occurs when the retina develops a small rip, often caused by aging or trauma. If not treated, fluid can pass through the tear and lead to a retinal detachment—a serious condition where the retina separates from the back of the eye. This can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated quickly. Warning signs include sudden flashes of light, floaters, or a curtain-like shadow in your vision.

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Retinal Vein and Artery Occlusion

These occur when a blood vessel in the retina becomes blocked, either by a clot (vein occlusion) or reduced blood flow (artery occlusion). This can cause sudden, painless vision loss in part or all of one eye. Early evaluation is critical, as some treatments may help improve or preserve vision, and the condition can be linked to other systemic health issues.

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Epiretinal Membrane (Macular Pucker)

This condition happens when a thin layer of scar tissue forms on the surface of the macula. It can cause blurred or distorted vision, like straight lines appearing wavy. In some cases, no treatment is needed, but when vision becomes significantly affected, surgery may be recommended to remove the membrane.

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Macular Hole

A macular hole is a small break in the center of the retina and can cause blurry or missing spots in central vision. It usually develops gradually and may be related to aging or other eye conditions. Surgery is often effective in closing the hole and improving vision.

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